The leading pattern of world new materials, shielding materials, thermal conductive materials, and absorbing materials

From the development of modern science and technology history, every major technological breakthrough largely relies on the development of corresponding new materials. The innovative entities in the new materials industry are developed countries and regions such as the United States, Japan, and Europe, which hold a monopoly position in the global market. Among them, the country that leads comprehensively is the United States, and Japan's advantage lies innanomaterialsIn the fields of electronic information materials, Europe has significant advantages in structural materials, optics, and optoelectronic materials. China, South Korea, and Russia closely follow and currently belong to the second tier of the world. China has comparative advantages in semiconductor lighting, rare earth permanent magnet materials, and artificial crystal materials, South Korea in display materials and storage materials, and Russia in aerospace materials.

Major multinational corporations such as Alcoa, DuPont, Bayer, GE Plastics, Dow Chemical, Teijin of Japan, TORAY of Japan, and LG of South Korea are accelerating their monopoly on the global new materials industry and maintaining a dominant position in the high-tech and high value-added new materials product market. It is worth mentioning that world-renowned enterprise groups continue to expand into the field of new materials with their advantages in technology research and development, funding, and talent, especially occupying a dominant position in high value-added new material products. For example, the famous Yuniming almost monopolizes the high-end quartz sand products of 4N8 and above in the international market; For example, global new material giants such as Shinetsu, SUMCO, Siltronic, SunEdison, etc. occupy the international marketSemiconductor silicon materialsMore than 80% of the market share. More than 90% of the semi insulating gallium arsenide market is occupied by Hitachi Electric, Sumitomo Electric, Mitsubishi Chemical, and FCM from Germany. For example, seven companies including DuPont, Daikin, Hoechst, 3M, Ausimont, ATO, and ICI have 90% of the global production capacity for organic fluorine materials. The silicon carbide substrate preparation technology of Cree Corporation in the United States has strong global market competitiveness. Lumileds, a company controlled by Philips, is internationally leading in power type white LED. Enterprises in the United States, Japan, Germany and other countries have 70% of core patents for LED epitaxial growth and chip preparation. In the manufacturing field of small bundle carbon fiber, it is basically monopolized by Japan's Toray Fiber Company, Toho Company, Mitsubishi Company, and the United States' Hexel Company, while the large bundle carbon fiber market is almost dominated by four companies: Fortafil, Zoltek, Aldila, and SGL from Germany. World leading companies such as American Aluminum, German Aluminum, and French Aluminum dominate the research and production of high-strength and high toughness aluminum alloy materials. The total output of the three major titanium production companies in the United States, Timet, RMI, and Allegen Teledyne, accounts for 90% of the total titanium processing volume in the United States and is a major supplier of aerospace grade titanium materials to the world. The following introduces the basic situation of the seven major new material countries in the world:

The United States is an important leader in the global field of new materials. The Vice Dean of the Digital China Research Institute at Peking University once believed that the United States' technological level in new energy, new materials, and life engineering is far ahead of other countries in the world. It is worth mentioning that the United States once listed new materials as the top of the six key technologies that affect economic prosperity and national security. Among the 22 key technologies identified, materials account for 5 (synthesis and processing of materials, electronic and optoelectronic materials, ceramics, composite materials, high-performance metals and alloys). The characteristic of the development of new materials in the United States is led by large-scale research and development programs of the Department of Defense and NASA, mainly in the form of defense procurement contracts to promote and ensure the research and development of new materials in universities, research institutions, and enterprises. As early as 2011, US President Obama announced a $500 million "Advancing Manufacturing Partnership" plan to strengthen the US manufacturing industry through collaboration between government, universities, and businesses. The "Materials Genome Initiative," which invested over $100 million, is one of its components. The Materials Genome Project aims to strengthen the combination of "government, industry, academia, research, and application" through collaboration among teams at various stages of the new material development cycle, emphasizing collaboration and sharing between experimental technology, computing technology, and databases. The goal is to halve the new material development cycle and reduce costs to a fraction of the current level, in order to accelerate the United States' progress in clean energy, national security, human health and well-being, and the cultivation of the next generation of labor, and significantly enhance its international competitiveness in the field of new materials. The United States has identified biomaterials, information materials, nanomaterials, extreme environmental materials, and material computing science as its main cutting-edge research areas, supporting the development of life sciences, information technology, environmental science, and nanotechnology, particularly meeting the needs of important departments and fields such as defense, energy, and electronic information. As a result, the United States has formulated a series of strategic plans related to new materials, mainly including the "21st Century National Nanotechnology Program", "National Nanotechnology Program (NNI)", "Future Industrial Materials Program", "Optoelectronics Program", "Photovoltaic Program", "Next Generation Lighting Source Program", "Advanced Automotive Materials Program", "Fossil Energy Materials Program", "Building Materials Program", "NSF Advanced Materials and Processes Program", "Materials Genome Program", etc. The United States has made significant progress in the development of new material technology. For example, under the Strategic New Materials Program, as early as January 2011, American scientists developed a "hidden acoustic suit" made of metamaterial materials that could not be detected by sonar; In March, nano composite materials for efficient hydrogen storage were introduced; In June, "induced" polymer peptide chains self-assembled into nano ropes, and the performance of self-assembled nano ropes was not inferior to natural materials; In September, a unique new type of superconductor based on ytterbium was developed, which can reach the "quantum critical point" in its natural state; In November, the ultra black material developed can absorb almost all the light irradiated on it, with an absorption rate of over 99%; In the same month, the newly developed lightest material in the world, whose energy absorption performance is similar to that of artificial rubber, is 100 times lighter than that of polystyrene foam plastic. The United States has many of the world's top new materials giants, such as ExxonMobil Dow Chemical, DuPont, 3M Alcoa, United States Steel, PPG Industries, Air Products&Chemicals, Eastman Chemical, Corning, and others. The United States has world-class higher education institutions for new materials, such as Northwestern University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (ranked first in the courses of the School of Materials Science and Engineering), University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign (formed by the merger of departments such as ceramics, metallurgy, and mining established in 1867; majors are divided into six directions including biomaterials and electronic materials; materials majors are ranked in the top three in the United States all year round), University of California, Berkeley (the most prestigious and top public university in the world), Stanford University (one of the most outstanding universities in the world), University of California, Santa Barbara (a top research-oriented public university in the United States that focuses on scientific research and has a high academic reputation), Cornell University (with a scale of education at that time). The most prestigious universities in the United States Pennsylvania State University Park (one of the top ten public universities in the United States), Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Institute of Technology), and the University of Michigan (known as the "model of public universities" along with the University of California, Berkeley and the University of Wisconsin Madison, with a high ranking in materials science).