| Basic information |
| Chinese name |
|
Ruthenium carbon |
| Chinese alias |
|
Ru/C catalyst, ruthenium carbon catalyst, ruthenium carbon catalyst |
| English name |
|
Ruthenium
|
| molecular structure |
|
 |
|
| Molecular formula |
|
Ru |
| molecular weight |
|
101.07 |
| CAS login number |
|
7440-18-8 |
| EINECS login number |
|
231-127-1 |
| nature |
| melting point |
|
2310 ºC |
| density |
|
1.025 g/mL at 25 °C |
| boiling point |
|
3900 ºC |
| flash point |
|
134.3°C |
| refractive index |
|
1.587 |
| water-soluble |
|
insoluble |
| proportion |
|
12.3 |
| security information |
| dangerous mark |
|
F,C,Xn |
| Hazard category code |
|
20-37-11 |
| Safety instructions |
|
22-36-38-24/25-16-14 |
| Dangerous goods transportation number |
|
UN 3178 4.1/PG 2 |
| customs code |
|
3822 00 00 |
Ruthenium carbon catalystApplication:
Due to its rarity, ruthenium is difficult to separate in pure form and therefore has almost no use. Its main use is as an alloy for producing non corrosive steel and as an additive for jewelry metals such as platinum, palladium, and gold to make them more durable. It is also used as an alloy to make the electrical contacts of medical devices harder and wear out longer. Recently, it has also been used as an experimental metal to directly convert solar cell materials into electrical energy. Ruthenium is used as a catalyst that affects the rate of chemical reactions, but it is not altered by chemical processes. It is also used as a medication for treating eye diseases. Used as a substitute for platinum in jewelry; Used for pen tips; As a hardening agent in electrical contact alloys and wires; Catalyst in the synthesis of ceramic colored long-chain hydrocarbons.
Preparation of ruthenium carbon catalyst:
Ruthenium is derived from platinum metal ore. The production method depends on the type of ore. However, the extraction process is similar to other precious metals (see platinum, rhodium, and iridium). Like rhodium, ruthenium can be obtained from accumulated anode sludge during the electrolytic refining of nickel or copper from certain types of ores. Ruthenium is present in natural alloys of iridium and sulfites, as well as in sulfides and other ores such as pentinite and cassiterite, with small amounts commercially recoverable. By treating with aqua regia (separating insoluble rhodium, ruthenium, and iridium), fusing with sodium bisulfate (reacting with rhodium), and fusing with sodium peroxide (dissolving with sodium silicate), the elements are separated from other platinum metals and ruthenium. Treat the obtained solutions of ruthenic acid and osmotic acid with ethanol to precipitate ruthenium dioxide. Purify ruthenium dioxide by treating with hydrochloric acid and chlorine, and reduce it to pure metal with hydrogen gas. Recovering ruthenium from depleted catalytic converters or from waste generated during platinum and nickel ore processing in a similar manner.
Hazards of ruthenium carbon catalyst:
The main danger is the explosiveness of ruthenium fine powder or dust. When metals are exposed to oxidizing chemicals such as potassium chloride at room temperature, they rapidly oxidize (explode). Most of its few compounds are toxic and should be avoided from smoke.
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