How to improve the voltage resistance performance of glass heating resistor paste

1、 Introduction

2、 Composition and basic characteristics of glass heating resistor paste

The Yanbo brand glass heating resistor paste is mainly composed of glass powder, conductive phases (such as metal powder or carbon materials), and organic carriers. Glass powder plays a role in bonding and insulation in the slurry, and its characteristics such as glass transition temperature and thermal expansion coefficient have a significant impact on the overall performance of the slurry. The conductive phase determines the resistance characteristics of the slurry, and different conductive materials and particle size distributions can affect the current conduction path and resistance value. Organic carriers are mainly used to regulate the rheological properties of slurries, facilitating printing or coating processes. Under normal circumstances, the slurry can work stably within a certain voltage range, but when the voltage exceeds its tolerance limit, problems such as breakdown and leakage may occur, which can affect the normal operation of the device.

3、 Analysis of Factors Affecting Voltage Endurance Performance

（1） Characteristics of glass powder

1. Glass composition
   The chemical composition of glass powder has a fundamental impact on its voltage resistance performance. For example, introducing high dielectric constant oxide components (such as titanium dioxide, zirconium dioxide, etc.) can improve the insulation performance of glass, thereby enhancing the voltage resistance of the slurry.Advanced Institute (Shenzhen) Technology Co., LtdResearch has shown that increasing the content of titanium dioxide appropriately in glass formulations can improve the voltage resistance performance of Yanbo brand glass heating resistor paste by about 20% -30%. At the same time, controlling the content of alkali metal ions in glass is also crucial, as alkali metal ions are prone to migration under the action of an electric field, which may lead to local electric field concentration and reduce the voltage resistance performance.
2. Glass powder particle size
   The particle size and distribution of glass powder will affect the density of the slurry. A smaller and more uniform particle size helps to form a denser glass network structure, reducing internal pores and defects, thereby improving the voltage resistance performance. When the average particle size of glass powder is reduced from 10 μ m to 5 μ m, the voltage breakdown strength of Yanbo brand glass heating resistor paste can be increased by about 15%.

（2） The influence of conductive phase

1. Conductive phase type
   Different types of conductive phase materials have different electrical and physical properties. For example, metal powders such as silver powder have good conductivity, but may easily migrate or form conductive channels at high voltages, leading to breakdown. By using composite conductive phases, such as combining silver powder with ceramic particles, it is possible to improve the voltage resistance performance by utilizing the insulation properties of ceramic particles while ensuring a certain level of conductivity. Experiments have found that using silver ceramic composite conductive phase instead of pure silver powder can improve the voltage resistance performance of platinum brand glass heating resistor paste by 30% -40%.
2. Dispersibility of conductive phase
   The dispersion uniformity of conductive phase in glass matrix is directly related to the uniformity of electric field distribution. If conductive phases aggregate, high electric field regions will be formed locally, reducing the voltage resistance performance. Advanced Institute (Shenzhen) Technology Co., Ltd. has optimized the dispersion process, such as using ultrasonic dispersion combined with high-speed stirring, to achieveYanbo brand glass heating resistor pasteThe dispersibility of the conductive phase in the middle has been significantly improved, and the voltage resistance performance has increased by about 10% -15%.

（3） Interface characteristics

4、 Technical measures to enhance voltage resistance performance

（1） Optimize the formula and preparation process of glass powder

1. Based on the research on the relationship between glass composition and voltage resistance performance, the R&D team of Advanced Institute (Shenzhen) Technology Co., Ltd. adopts a multi-component composite glass formula design. In addition to adding high dielectric constant oxides and controlling the content of alkali metal ions, a small amount of rare earth element oxides (such as yttrium oxide, lanthanum oxide, etc.) are also introduced. These rare earth element oxides can refine the glass grains, further improving the insulation performance and stability of the glass. Through this optimized formula of glass powder, the voltage resistance performance of Yanbo brand glass heating resistor paste has been significantly improved. Under standard testing conditions, the voltage breakdown strength can be increased by more than 40%.
2. In terms of glass powder preparation process, a process route of high-temperature melting rapid cooling ball milling is adopted. High temperature melting ensures thorough and uniform mixing of various components, rapid cooling can suppress crystal growth, and obtain amorphous glass structure. Ball milling process precisely controls the particle size and particle size distribution of glass powder. The glass powder prepared by this process has higher purity, more uniform structure, and suitable particle size, laying a solid foundation for improving the voltage resistance performance of Yanbo brand glass heating resistor paste.

（2） Improving the selection and treatment of conductive phases

1. In addition to the use of composite conductive phases mentioned above, further exploration can also be conductedNew conductive materialsFor example, carbon nanotubes have excellent electrical properties and high aspect ratios, which can be combined with metal powders as conductive materials for use in platinum brand glass heating resistor slurries. The addition of a small amount of carbon nanotubes can improve the voltage resistance performance by utilizing their unique electrical and structural characteristics without significantly increasing the resistance. Research has shown that when the amount of carbon nanotubes added is 5% -10% of the total amount of conductive phase, the voltage resistance of the slurry can be improved by 25% -35%.
2. For the treatment of conductive phases, thermal annealing treatment is further adopted on the basis of surface modification. Annealing the slurry containing conductive phases at an appropriate temperature can promote better diffusion and stability of the conductive phases in the glass matrix, reducing interface defects and phase migration caused by thermal stress and other factors. After thermal annealing treatment, the voltage resistance performance of the research platinum brand glass heating resistor paste can be increased by an additional 10% -15%.

（3） Enhance interface integration and optimize the overall structure of the slurry

1. Develop a new type of interface enhancer specifically designed to improveGlass heating resistor pasteInterface integration in. This interface enhancer can form chemical bond bridges between glass powder, conductive phase, and substrate, improving the chemical stability and physical bonding strength of the interface. Applying it to the research platinum brand glass heating resistor paste can improve the voltage resistance performance by 20% -30%.
2. In the process of slurry preparation, multi-layer coating and gradient structure design are adopted. A gradient structured slurry coating can be formed by first coating a bottom layer rich in glass powder, then gradually increasing the content of conductive phase in the middle layer, and finally covering a surface layer with a higher content of glass powder. This structure can effectively disperse the electric field, reduce the phenomenon of electric field concentration, and thus improve the voltage resistance performance. After adopting this multi-layer coating and gradient structure design, the voltage resistance performance of Yanbo brand glass heating resistor paste can be improved by 30% -40%.

5、 Conclusion

In summary, through in-depth research and targeted technical improvements on various factors such as the characteristics of glass powder, the influence of conductive phases, and interface properties, the voltage resistance performance of the platinum brand glass heating resistor paste developed by Advanced Institute (Shenzhen) Technology Co., Ltd. can be effectively improved. The comprehensive application of a series of measures, including optimizing the formula and preparation process of glass powder, improving the selection and treatment of conductive phases, enhancing interface bonding, and optimizing the overall structure of the slurry, can significantly improve the voltage resistance performance of the slurry, meet higher requirements for electronic devices and heating elements, and further promote technological development and product innovation in related fields. In the future, we can continue to explore more new materials and process technologies to achieve continuous optimization and breakthroughs in the voltage resistance performance of glass heating resistor paste.
The above data is for reference only, and specific performance may vary due to production processes and product specifications.